Chemical ve Ecological tests
In the textile sector, chemicals used on the one hand and new methods applied on the other hand have various negative effects on human health and natural conditions during the use of textile products.
In particular, dyes used in paint processes and a large number of chemicals are used during finishing processes applied during finishing processes. These substances cause more harm to children than adults. In order to eliminate or minimize these harmful effects, a number of directives are issued by the European Union, a set of criteria and certain conditions are introduced for production activities and standards are established by domestic and foreign organizations.
Necessary legal arrangements are made in our country in parallel with these developments and certain standards are published by Turkish Standards Institute.
In the textile industry, fastness tests, physical tests, microbiology tests, specific tests and fireproof tests, as well as chemical and ecological tests are performed by accredited laboratories.
Some of the measurement, test and analysis studies carried out as chemical and ecological tests are shown in the table below.
Chemical and Ecological Tests |
|
Extractable heavy metals - in acidic sweat solution |
Tinned organic compounds test |
Toxic heavy metals |
Odor test |
Total lead amount |
Determination of BHT content |
Lead detection - children's metal accessories and metal products |
phthalates |
Lead determination - Non-metal children's accessories |
Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF and DMFA) Tests |
Chromium (VI) Determination |
TCMTB test |
Determination of cadmium in plastics |
Alkylphenols (AP) and alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEO) |
Determination of nickel content |
Perfluorinated tensides (PFOS and PFOA) |
Nickel Spot |
Determination of biphenol-A |
Prohibited azo dyes (synthetics excluding cotton and polyester) |
Determination of triclosan |
Prohibited azo dyes (for polyester) |
Determination of volatile organic compounds |
Determination of aminoazobenzol |
Determination of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) |
Determination of primary aromatic amines |
Azo dyestuff test |
Toy safety - Finger paints |
Carcinogenic substance testing |
Determination of allergic disperse dyes |
Fireproof finish |
Determination of carcinogenic disperse dyes |
Determination of vinyl chloride |
Chlorphenols (PCP - TCP - TECP) |
Determination of fiber composition |
Determination of O-Phenylphenol |
Fiber analysis and qualitative evaluation |
Pesticides |
Determination of oil content |
Polychlorinated biphenyls |
Determination of fiber count |
Chlorinated organic carriers |
Determination of fiber count |
Determination of formaldehyde |
Determination of moisture content |
Determination of free formaldehyde in cosmetics |
Mercerization of cotton |
Formaldehyde spot tests |
Determination of PVC |
PH value |
Water quality - Determination of total calcium and magnesium - EDTA titrimetric method |
PH value of aqueous suspension for pigments and fillers |
Determination of pH of an aqueous suspension for pigments and fillers |
pH spot - Fischer's solution |
biocides |
In order to obtain reliable and high quality products in the textile sector, production processes must be kept under constant supervision. These controls are concentrated on three points: human, machine and material.
Manpower is a factor that drives, maintains and uses materials. In order to use machinery and materials effectively and efficiently, employees should be trained and supervised. Machines are the subject of investment. It is necessary to select the machines suitable for the purpose, to operate and to maintain them regularly. Materials are the most important factor for production. It is imperative that raw materials and raw materials are most suitable for production, procured cheaply and used in place and in sufficient quantities. The most important point here is the proper and adequate use of the material. Consequently, the nature of textile products should not be harmed during production and should not pose a danger to human health during their use.
For this purpose, besides the use of the latest technological machines in production, it is of great importance to operate in accordance with the methods applied and legal regulations and published standards. Measurement and test studies carried out by authorized laboratories are therefore needed.