Incubator devices are used for incubation studies. These are cabinets where incubation takes place and temperature can be adjusted. Depending on the characteristics of the microorganisms to be cultivated there are varieties such as refrigerated, vacuum or carbon dioxide. Standard incubators are often called air incubators. More sensitive incubation work is done in a special water bath, not in the incubator. The ovens are mainly incubator devices for dry media.

In general, microorganisms, like other living things, provide their metabolism with their enzymes. Mushrooms and bacteria have very powerful enzymes that function in the cell (endoenzymes) and extracellular (exoenzymes). During their activities, these enzymes are influenced by the ambient temperature, the pH of the medium or the chemicals present.

Microorganisms multiply by dividing into two. The divisions that occur in a population of bacteria are called generations. The time interval between two generations is generally dependent on the type and genetic structure of the bacterium and the conditions of the reproductive environment. For example, e. In coli, this time is one hour on a suitable medium. As soon as microorganisms are accustomed to the environment and start feeding, their metabolism is accelerated and their reproduction increases. If nutrients and oxygen are reduced, toxic substances increase, reproduction slows down and deaths begin. Depending on the type of bacteria, all bacteria can die. However, a few surviving bacteria can survive for months.

There are three main factors in incubation: temperature, time and weather conditions. According to the characteristics of the microorganisms to be analyzed, these three factors must be provided exactly.

Incubation time of microorganisms,

·         The duration of appearance changes in liquid media such as turbidity, membrane formation and collapse,

·         It refers to the colony formation time of microorganisms suitable for visible examination in solid medium.

7 daily incubation (stability) studies are performed in authorized laboratories within the scope of microbiological analyzes. During these studies, standards and test methods issued by domestic and foreign organizations are followed.