paralytic Shellfish Poison group (PSP) - you Gonyatok (GTX)

Paralytic Shellfish Poison Group (PSP) - Gonyatoxin (GTX)
Paralytic Shellfish Poison Group (PSP) - Gonyatoxin (GTX)

Poisoning due to consumption of seafood occurs as a result of ingestion of toxin-containing fish or shellfish. Rather, some toxins secreted by planktonic algae, which feed on crustaceans such as mussels, oysters and scallops, are classified as double-jawed mollusks. The most important symptoms of this poisoning caused by harmful algae are diarrhea, vomiting, nausea and abdominal pain and temporary memory loss. Poisoning due to the consumption of these toxin-containing organisms is often referred to by the names of the toxins they secrete.

Dinoflagellate species of algae produce a wide variety of natural toxins. The consumption of shellfish contaminated with these toxins causes the following intoxications:

  • Paralytic shellfish poisoning (Paralytic Shellfish Poison, PSP)
  • Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (Neurotoxic Shellfish Poison, NSP)
  • Amnesic shellfish poisoning (Amnesic Shellfish Poison, ASP)
  • Diarrhea shellfish poisoning (Diarrhetic Shellfish Poison, (DSP))
  • Ciguatera fish poisoning
  • Azaspiracid shellfish poisoning

There are more than twenty forms of paralytic aquaculture poisons. Of these, carbamate toxins are the most toxic and the toxins in this group are gonyatoxin, neosaxitoxin and saxitoxin.

Paralytic shellfish toxins (Paralytic Shellfish Poison, PSP) are nitrogen compounds and nine different species have been identified. These species, which are actually protogonyalax species, are named goniatoxin 1, gonyatoxin 2, gonyatoxin 3, gonyatoxin 4, gonyatoxin 5, gonyatoxin 6, gonyatoxin 7, saxitoxin and neosaxitoxin. These toxins are often mixed with each other. The most toxic ones are gonyatoxin 3 and saccitoxin.

In the advanced laboratories, Paralytic Shellfish Poison Group (PSP) intoxication analyzes are performed by LC-MS / MS method within the framework of biotoxin analyzes. Within the scope of these analyzes, the following studies are conducted to determine the amount of goniatoxin (GTX):

  • Gonyatoxin (dc-GTX-2, 3)
  • Gonyatoxin (GTX 1 + 4)
  • Gonyatoxin (GTX 2 + 3)